From White Area to Gray Zone: Why Counterinsurgency Lessons Still Matter
The Philippine Army’s counterinsurgency experience still matters because competition often rewards those who shape the environment, not just those who win firefights. “White area operations” showed how finance, political organizing, media narratives, and legal tactics can sustain conflict below open violence. Today, similar environment-first logic appears in gray zone competition—different actors, scale—making credibility, due process, and civic space decisive terrain.